Peanuts: the Lifesaving Legume

You may know that peanuts pack a lot of nutrition into every tiny kernel. But what you may not know is just how big of an impact its nutrition has on people around the world.

We’ve covered before how much support peanuts offer in helping us live a longer life, and how they have been linked to lowering our risk of cardiovascular disease and heart disease mortality as part of a healthy, plant-based diet.1,2 Peanut butter also has a history steeped in health, as it was invented in 1895 as a means to provide nutrients to older populations who couldn’t chew meat.

But even that’s just scratching the surface of their incredible nutritional powers—and their power to make a difference.

How Plant-Based Protein is Better.

When comparing animal-based protein to plant-based protein like peanuts, research has shown that opting for the latter is associated with a reduced risk of overall and cardiovascular disease mortality.3

In addition to that big impact on our health, its cultivation and production also make a much smaller impact on the planet when compared to animal proteins—including meat, eggs and cheese.

Blue Zones and Longevity

The connection between peanuts and longevity also pops up in the study of different “Blue Zones” around the planet—which are areas that have life expectancies that are extraordinarily higher than average.

Over an 8-year study, researchers found that many of the diets popular in these Blue Zones shared a common theme: they were usually plant-based, emphasized whole foods, and used beans and legumes (like peanuts) to provide much of their protein.4

Disease Prevention

But longevity is only one of the benefits peanuts offer. They’ve also shown to be protective against diseases, including certain cancers (like esophageal, prostate, colon, pancreatic, and certain types of breast cancer),5-9 as well as effective in preventing and managing type-2 diabetes10, and reducing inflammation.11

Fighting Malnutrition Worldwide

Because of their unique combination of being a low cost food that provides a dense assortment of vitamins, minerals, protein and fiber — as well as their disease-preventive properties — peanuts and peanut butter have been used to answer a higher calling: fighting malnutrition around the world.

RUTFs, or Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Foods, are peanut-based products specially formulated to treat severe malnutrition by promoting weight gain, strength, and overall health. With the support of global partners, RUTFs have been a lifeline for millions of adults and children in impoverished areas worldwide.

It’s an amazing development that sees peanut butter come full circle—from providing important nutrients for older generations, to helping improve the health of the next.

And for one little legume, what could be bigger than that?

Can Peanuts Help Save Lives?

While no one food can offer everything our bodies need, peanuts and peanut butter offer a nutrient dense option with big benefits—including fighting against disease, promoting a longer life, and even fighting malnutrition around the world.

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Sources

1.Kim H, Caulfield LE, Garcia-Larsen V, Steffen LM, Coresh J, Rebholz CM. Plant-Based Diets Are Associated With a Lower Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Disease Mortality, and All-Cause Mortality in a General Population of Middle-Aged Adults. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019 Aug 20;8(16):e012865. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.119.012865. Epub 2019 Aug 7. PubMed PMID: 31387433.

2. Chen GC, Zhang R, Martínez-González MA, Zhang ZL, Bonaccio M, van Dam RM, Qin LQ. Nut consumption in relation to all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a meta-analysis 18 prospective studies. Food Funct. 2017 Nov 15;8(11):3893-3905. doi: 10.1039/c7fo00915a. Review. PubMed PMID: 28875220.

3. Huang J, Liao LM, Weinstein SJ, Sinha R, Graubard BI, Albanes D. Association Between Plant and Animal Protein Intake and Overall and Cause-Specific Mortality. JAMA Intern Med. 2020 Sep 1;180(9):1173-1184. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2790. PMID: 32658243; PMCID: PMC7358979.

4. “The Green, Blue and Grey Water Footprint of Crops and Derived Crop Products.” M.M. Mekonnen and A.Y. Hoekstra. UNESCO Institute for Water Education, December 2010. http://wfn.project-platforms.com/Reports/Report47-WaterFootprintCrops-Vol1.pdf.

5. Hashemian M, Murphy G, Etemadi A, Poustchi H, Sharafkhah M, Kamangar F, Pourshams A, Malekshah AF, Khoshnia M, Gharavi A, et al. Nut consumption and the risk of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma in the Golestan Cohort Study. Br J Cancer. 2018 Jul;119(2):176-181. doi: 10.1038/s41416-018-0148-0. Epub 2018 Jun 28. PubMed PMID: 29950612; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6048068.

6. Chen YA, Lien HM, Kao MC, Lo UG, Lin LC, Lin CJ, Chang SJ, Chen CC, Hsieh JT, Lin H, Tang CH, Lai CH. Sensitization of Radioresistant Prostate Cancer Cells by Resveratrol Isolated from Arachis hypogaea Stems. PLoS One. 2017 Jan 12;12(1):e0169204. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169204. PMID: 28081154; PMCID: PMC5231355.

7. Schwingshackl, L., Schwedhelm, C., Hoffmann, G., Knüppel, S., Laure Preterre, A., Iqbal, K., Bechthold, A., De Henauw, S., Michels, N., Devleesschauwer, B., Boeing, H., & Schlesinger, S. (2017, December 14). Food groups and risk of colorectal cancer. International Journal of Cancer, 142(9), 1748–1758. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31198

8. Nieuwenhuis L, van den Brandt PA. Total Nut, Tree Nut, Peanut, and Peanut Butter Consumption and the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer in the Netherlands Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2018 Mar;27(3):274-284. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-17-0448. Epub 2018 Jan 22. PubMed PMID: 29358224.

9. Soriano-Hernandez AD, Madrigal-Perez DG, Galvan-Salazar HR, Arreola-Cruz A, Briseño-Gomez L, Guzmán-Esquivel J, Dobrovinskaya O, Lara-Esqueda A, Rodríguez-Sanchez IP, Baltazar-Rodriguez LM, et al. The protective effect of peanut, walnut, and almond consumption on the development of breast cancer. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2015;80(2):89-92. doi: 10.1159/000369997. Epub 2015 Jul 10. PubMed PMID: 26183374.

10. Hou YY, Ojo O, Wang LL, Wang Q, Jiang Q, Shao XY, Wang XH. A Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare the Effect of Peanuts and Almonds on the Cardio-Metabolic and Inflammatory Parameters in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients. 2018 Oct 23;10(11). pii: E1565. doi: 10.3390/nu10111565. PubMed PMID: 30360498; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6267433.

11. Yu Z, Malik VS, Keum N, Hu FB, Giovannucci EL, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Fuchs CS, Bao Y. Associations between nut consumption and inflammatory biomarkers. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Sep;104(3):722-8. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.116.134205. Epub 2016 Jul 27. PubMed PMID: 27465378; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4997300.